General Directions. This exam consists of two parts. Part 1 consists of 22 short-answer questions. Part 2 is an essay…

General Directions. This exam consists of two parts. Part 1 consists of 22 short-answer questions. Part 2 is an essay question. To save space on the maximum three pages of your midterm exam, use the following one-line identification header at the very top of each page, with double-spacing separating this identification header from your responses: YOUR NAME, SGPP 300B, FALL 2012, MIDTERM EXAM, PAGE NUMBER [blank line] Answers to Part 1 short-answer questions (pp. 1-2) and Part 2 essay question (p. 3) begin here, with single-spacing, double-spacing between paragraphs. Part 1. Answer all 22 of the following short-answer questions. Limit your responses to a few words to a few sentences, depending upon the question. All 22 typed responses should not cumulate to more than two single-spaced (double-spacing between responses) pages, using reasonable fonts and reasonable margins. [Note that “reasonable” here means “don’t annoy the grader” with a small font or small margins.] Do not retype the full question on your prepared exam, but simply number each response, 1 through 22, and organize your responses in numerical order, 1 through 22. Each question is worth one point, and we will count the 20 best responses to your point total. Thus, this section is worth a total of 20 points. You do not earn extra points if you answer correctly all 22 questions, but give yourself some flexibility by responding to all 20 questions so you can possibly earn all 20 points. [Note, if you do type in the question before giving your response, this complicates our Turnitin.com analysis. Accordingly, we will apply an automatic 5-point penalty to your point total.] 1. What characteristic/trait distinguishes the Danes from others in consistently being the happiest people in the world? 2. What is your assessment of the consequences of crowdsourcing in Iceland? 3. Did Professor Willerton characterize the U.S. government as having a positive or negative role in safeguarding liberty? Explain. 4. Explain an infrastructural impediment to toilet access in India. 5. According to Dr. Michael Slobodchikoff, the Founding Fathers feared democracy. Name a political institution that was established to limit democracy in the U.S. 6. According to Drs. Slobodchikoff and Cyr, what is the “minimalist” definition of democracy? 7. According to Dr. Slobodchikoff, many people like to include the rights of the individual in their definition of democracy. Why is this problematic to democratic theory? 8. According to Professor Jennifer Cyr, in what ways might Hugo Chavez’s reign be more democratic than under the Punto Fijo? 9. According to Professor Cyr, how does Venezuela’s oil wealth affect Chavez’s presidency? 10. According to Professor Willerton, a polity can be maintained through what two major ways? Define the terms as you give them. 11. As Professor Spike Peterson surveyed changing global population growth patterns, what developing country did she emphasize as having an especially fast-growing and large middle class in proportion to its total population? 12. According to our textbook, how are most of the largest and most populous states institutionally structured? 13. Identify two of the three contemporary states that our textbook indicates do not have a formal, written constitution. 14. According to the textbook, what major historical event led to the creation of the modern European nation-state system? 15. Relying on our textbook, name one of two countries in the world that have the highest percentage of women in their national legislature. 16. According to the text, at the turn of the twentieth century, socialism divided into two camps. What are they? 3 17. Given Professor Willerton’s presentations, why do Europeans use the term “social justice” when Americans use the term “welfare state?” 18. According to Dr. Brint Milward, why is A. Q. Khan, who is known as the “father of the Pakistani nuclear bomb, referred to as “the Merchant of Menace?” 19. According to Dr. Milward, what two characteristics make a network a “dark network?” 20. According to Professor Faten Ghosn, what is the unique aspect that made Israeli citizens so happy with the 1994 treaty Israel signed with Jordanian King Hussein? 21. Dr. Ghosn commented in class that European students with whom she worked in Greece last summer felt that their (European) countries were more democratic than the U.S. because of what one factor? Be explicit in identifying that one factor. 22. According to the Hinnebusch article, there are two paths towards democracy in the Middle East. One path is a top-down approach instituted by leaders in the various Middle Eastern countries, while the second path is bottom-up, where the people demand democratic change. However, both of these paths rely on factors which are out of the control of Middle Eastern states. According to this article, what is the main factor that would limit democratic change in both of the paths to democracy? Part 2. Answer the following question, limiting your essay response to one single-spaced, typed page (with double-spacing between paragraphs), again using reasonable fonts and reasonable margins. Reflecting over the arguments set out by all lecturers who have met with us to date (i.e., Drs. Slobodchikoff, Cyr, Peterson, Milward, Halawi-Ghosn, and Willerton), identify two pressing problems confronting the global community and what steps are being taken to address them. Look for commonalities across our lecturers and readings; do not base your response on just one lecturer or on one reading. Rely on your notes from these presenters’ lectures, our textbook (which does have relevant information), the BBC Country Reports you may have consulted, and your own judgments, as you craft your response. Only rely on other sources after you have cited our course sources (i.e., lecturers, textbook, and BBC Country Reports [as applicable]).